Nkhani yotaya zinyalala

Chigawo chotaya zinyalala (chomwe chimadziwikanso kuti chotaya zinyalala, chotayira zinyalala, chotayira zinyalala ndi zina zotero) ndi chipangizo, chomwe nthawi zambiri chimakhala ndi magetsi, chimayikidwa pansi pa sinki yakukhitchini pakati pa ngalande ya sinki ndi msampha.Malo otayirako amaphwanya zinyalala za chakudya kukhala zidutswa zazing'ono zokwanira—zambiri zosakwana 2 mm (0.079 in) m’mimba mwake—kuti zidutse m’mipope.

Mbiri

Malo otaya zinyalala anapangidwa mu 1927 ndi John W. Hammes womanga mapulani amene amagwira ntchito ku Racine, Wisconsin.Anafunsira patent mu 1933 yomwe idaperekedwa mu 1935. adakhazikitsa kampani yake idayika zotayira zake pamsika mu 1940.Zonena za Hammes zimatsutsidwa, monga General Electric adayambitsa gawo lotaya zinyalala mu 1935, lotchedwa Disposal.
M’mizinda yambiri ku United States m’zaka za m’ma 1930 ndi m’ma 1940, zonyansa za m’tauniyo zinali ndi malamulo oletsa kutayira zinyalala m’zakudya.John adachita khama kwambiri, ndipo adachita bwino kwambiri pokopa madera ambiri kuti achotse zoletsa izi.

Madera ambiri ku United States amaletsa kugwiritsa ntchito otaya mafuta.Kwa zaka zambiri, zotayiramo zinyalala zinali zoletsedwa ku New York City chifukwa cha chiwopsezo cha kuwonongeka kwa ngalande za m'tauni.Pambuyo pa kafukufuku wa miyezi 21 ndi dipatimenti yoona za chitetezo cha chilengedwe ku NYC, chiletsocho chinathetsedwa mu 1997 ndi lamulo la m’deralo la 1997/071, lomwe linasintha ndime 24-518.1, NYC Administrative Code.

Mu 2008, mzinda wa Raleigh, North Carolina udayesa kuletsa kusintha ndi kukhazikitsa zotayira zinyalala, zomwe zidafikiranso kumatauni akutali omwe amagawana zimbudzi za mzindawu, koma adachotsa chiletsocho patatha mwezi umodzi.

Kukhazikitsidwa ku USA

Ku United States, pafupifupi 50% ya nyumba zinali ndi magawo otayika kuyambira 2009, poyerekeza ndi 6% yokha ku United Kingdom ndi 3% ku Canada.

Ku Sweden, ma municipalities ena amalimbikitsa kuika zida zotayiramo zinthu kuti achulukitse kupanga mpweya wa biogas. Akuluakulu ena a ku Britain amapereka ndalama zogulira malo otaya zinyalala kuti achepetse zinyalala zomwe zimapita kumalo otayirako.

Zomveka

Zotsalira za chakudya zimachokera ku 10% mpaka 20% ya zinyalala zapakhomo, ndipo ndi gawo lovuta la zinyalala zamatauni, zomwe zimapangitsa thanzi la anthu, ukhondo ndi mavuto a chilengedwe pa sitepe iliyonse, kuyambira ndikusungira mkati ndikutsatiridwa ndi kusonkhanitsa kwa magalimoto.Kuwotchedwa m'malo ogwiritsira ntchito mphamvu zowonongeka, kuchuluka kwa madzi m'zakudya zotsalira kumatanthawuza kuti kutentha ndi kuwotcha kumawononga mphamvu zambiri kuposa zomwe zimapanga;zokwiriridwa m’malo otayiramo zinyalala, zotsalira za chakudya zimawola ndi kupanga mpweya wa methane, mpweya wowonjezera kutentha umene umapangitsa kusintha kwa nyengo.

Cholinga cha kugwiritsa ntchito bwino chotayirapo ndikungoona kuti zotsalira za chakudya ndi zamadzimadzi (pafupifupi 70% yamadzi, monga zinyalala za anthu), ndikugwiritsa ntchito zida zomwe zilipo kale (zonyansa zapansi panthaka ndi malo osungira madzi onyansa) pakuwongolera kwake.Zomera zamakono zamadzi onyansa zimagwira ntchito pokonza zolimba kukhala feteleza (zotchedwa biosolids), zokhala ndi zida zapamwamba zomwe zimagwiranso ntchito yopanga mphamvu zamagetsi.